Steinberg depersonalization test4/19/2023 ![]() The CDS has self-administered questionnaires composed of 29 items. 9 Under these conditions, Sierra and Berrios 9 developed a new scale that purports to be comprehensive in clinical scope and that was validated with a sample of inpatients suffering from depersonalization disorder. 8 However, it has been pointed out that these depersonalization questionnaires either lack construct validity or fail to capture the clinical aspect of depersonalization in a comprehensive manner. There are some useable self-rating scales to estimate depersonalization, such as Dixon's scale, 6 Jacobs's and Bovasso's depersonalization scale, 7 and the Dissociative Experience Scale (DES). Therefore it is important to develop scales that can estimate depersonalization correctly. 5 Thus, this disorder has a high possibility of being misdiagnosed. 4 Additionally, it is very difficult to express these ‘subjective experiences’ in plain language. However, depersonalization should be exclusively experienced as a ‘subjective experience,’ and we cannot identify it without clarifying the individual's own expression of this experience. 3 Therefore, gaining accurate information of this experience may contribute to relieving distress among those who are puzzled by depersonalization symptoms. 2 Thus, depersonalization may not be uncommon in the general population, and those who experience this have much distress, such as secondary anxiety and fear of having become ‘insane’. 1Īlthough the precise prevalence of depersonalization disorder in the general population is unknown, some surveys using diagnostic interviews have yielded prevalence rates of clinically significant depersonalization/derealization in the region of 1–2%. The best cut-off point, when we use this for distinguishing individuals with depersonalization disorder from individuals without psychiatric disorders, is 60 points.ĭEPERSONALIZATION IS CHARACTERIZED by persistent or recurrent episodes of ‘detachment or estrangement from one's self.’ The individual may feel like an automaton or they may have a sensation of being an outside observer of one's own mental process. The best compromise between the true positive and false negative rate was at a cut-off point of 60, yielding a sensitivity of 1.00 and a specificity of 0.96.Ĭonclusions: In this study, J-CDS showed good reliability and validity. ![]() The J-CDS score was significantly correlated with scores of total DES, and DES-depersonalization. ![]() The J-CDS score in the depersonalization group was significantly higher than in the healthy control group. Results: Cronbach's alpha and split-half reliability were 0.94 and 0.93, respectively. ![]() Questionnaires that were composed of J-CDS, the Dissociative Experience Scale (DES), the Zung self-rating scale and the Maudsley Obsessional–Compulsive Inventory were administrated to 59 participants (12 patients with depersonalization disorder, 11 individuals who had recovered from depersonalization and 36 healthy controls). After making the J-CDS, we examined its reliability and validity. Methods: The CDS was translated from English into Japanese and then back-translated into English by a native English-speaking American. The purposes of this study were to develop a Japanese version of the CDS (J-CDS) and to examine its reliability and validity as an instrument for screening depersonalization disorder under non-clinical conditions. Aims: The Cambridge Depersonalization Scale (CDS) is an instrument that has obtained reliability and validity in some countries for use in detecting depersonalization disorder under clinical conditions, but not yet in Japan under non-psychiatric conditions. ![]()
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